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last updated 28-May-2008
 
 
  1995-1999 Publications: whilst during the 1990s the scholarship produced tended to be generic in nature, specialization started to emerge and some of the articles listed below constitute essential references to consider in any study dealing with Private Military and Private Security Companies or contractors.  
1995 - 2000
More soon!
 
 

• Adams, Thomas K. The New Mercenaries and the Privatization of Conflict. Parameters, US Army War College Quarterly. Summer 1999, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 103-16: http://carlisle-www.army.mil/usawc/Parameters/99summer/adams.htm

• Campbell, Gordon L. Contractors on the Battlefield: The Ethics of Paying Civilians To Enter Harm's Way and Requiring Soldiers To Depend upon Them. Springfield VA, Joint Services Conference on Professional Ethics, 2000: http://www.usafa.af.mil/jscope/JSCOPE00/Campbell00.html

• Centre for Conflict Resolution. "Trust Me I'm a Mercenary" The Lethal Danger of Mercenaries in Africa. Seminar on the `Privatisation' of Peacekeeping Institute for Security Studies, 20 February 1997. University of Cape Town, South Africa: http://ccrweb.ccr.uct.ac.za/archive/staff_papers/laurie_merc.html

• Isenberg, David. - Have Lawyer, Accountant, and Guns, Will Fight: The New Post-Cold War Mercenaries. Paper presented at the International Studies Association Convention. Washington, D.C., February 1999. http://www.nyu.edu/globalbeat/pubs/Isenberg021999.html

- Soldiers of Fortune Ltd.: A Profile of Today's Private Sector Corporate Mercenary Firms. Center for Defense Information Monograph. Washington, D.C., November 1997. http://www.cdi.org/issues/mercenaries/merc1.html

• Dietrich, Chris. The comercialisation of military deployment in Africa. African Security Review. 2000, vol. 9, no. 1: http://www.iss.co.za/Pubs/ASR/9No1/Commerciallisation.html

• Grant, Bruce D. U.S. Military Expertise for Sale: Private Military Consultants as a Tool of Foreign Policy. National Defense University (US). 17th Annual Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
Strategy Essay Competition entry, 1998: click here

• Mandel, Robert. The Privatization Of Security. Paper prepared for the International Studies Association 41th Annual Convention, Los Angeles, 14-18 March 2000: http://www.ciaonet.org/isa/mar01/

• O'Brien, Kevin A. PMCs, Myths and Mercenaries: the debate on private militaries companies. Royal United Service Institute Journal, February 2000: http://www.kcl.ac.uk/orgs/icsa/Old/pmcs.html

• Sheppard, Simon. Foot Soldiers and the New World Order: The Rise of the Corporate Military. New Left Review. Mar./Apr. 1998, no. 228, pp. 128-138. Available online at http://www.globalpolicy.org/security/issues/sheppard.htm

• Wrigley, Christopher. The privatisation of violence. New mercenaries and the state. London, CAAT, March 1999: http://www.caat.org.uk/information/issues/mercenaries-1999.php

• Van Bergen Thirion, C. J. The Privatisation of Security: A Blessing or a Menace. South African Defence College, Research Papers, 1998: click here

• Zamparelli, Steven J. Contractors on the Battlefield: What Have We Signed Up For. Air Force Journal of Logistics, vol. 23, no. 3, 1999, 11-19: click here

• Zarate, Juan Carlos. The Emergence of a New Dog of War: Private International Security Companies, International Law, and the New World Disorder. Stanford Journal of International Law. 1998, vol. 34. click here

For more scholarship of this period, visit our corresponsing mercenary books page
For broader bibliography, visit the PRIVATE MILITARY & SECURITY COMPANIES section at our PrivateMilitary.org@Amazon Shop
 

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